In a speech in February 1950, McCarthy presented a list of alleged members of the Communist Party USA working in the State Department, which attracted substantial press attention, and the term McCarthyism was published for the first time in late March of that year in The Christian Science Monitor, along with a political cartoon by Herblock in The Washington Post. The Korean War started the next year, significantly raising tensions and fears of impending communist upheavals in the United States.

In 1949, a high-level State Department official was convicted of perjury in a case of espionage, and the Soviet Union tested an atomic bomb. Truman signed an executive order in 1947 to screen federal employees for possible association with organizations deemed 'totalitarian, fascist, communist, or subversive', or advocating 'to alter the form of Government of the United States by unconstitutional means.' The following year, the Czech coup by the Czechoslovakian Communist Party heightened concern in the West about Communist parties seizing power and the possibility of subversion. Following the breakdown of the wartime East-West alliance with the Soviet Union, and with many remembering the First Red Scare, President Harry S. What would become known as the McCarthy era began before McCarthy's rise to national fame. The Warren Court made a series of rulings on civil and political rights that overturned several McCarthyist laws and directives, and helped bring an end to McCarthyism. Supreme Court led by Chief Justice Earl Warren on human rights grounds. After the mid-1950s, McCarthyism began to decline, mainly due to Joseph McCarthy's gradual loss of public popularity and credibility after several of his accusations were found to be false, and sustained opposition from the U.S. It was characterized by heightened political repression and persecution of left-wing individuals, and a campaign spreading fear of alleged communist and socialist influence on American institutions and of espionage by Soviet agents. Senator Joseph McCarthy ( R-Wisconsin), and has its origins in the period in the United States known as the Second Red Scare, lasting from the late 1940s through the 1950s. The term originally referred to the controversial practices and policies of U.S.

McCarthyism is the practice of making accusations of subversion and treason, especially when related to communism and socialism.

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